• Tropical theileriosis is caused by the apicomplexan parasite

  2019-11-01

  

  Tropical theileriosis is caused by the apicomplexan parasite Theileria annulata which is transmitted by a tick vector from the genus Hyalomma in cattle (Echebli et al., 2014, Li et al., 2014). Theileria parasites invade the leukocytes by sporozoites secreted from the vector, schizonts mature into me

• It has been reported that the

  2019-11-01

  

  It has been reported that the ECD of DDRs require dimerization and/or oligomerization for binding to collagen.,, Here, we have established using SPR that antibody-mediated oligomerization of DDR2-Fc significantly enhances its binding to immobilized collagen type 1. Our results are consistent with ea

• br Signaling of DDR receptor and its

  2019-11-01

  

  Signaling of DDR2 receptor and its regulation Being the tyrosine kinase receptor, downstream signaling of DDR2 receptor is initiated by phosphorylation of cytoplasmic tyrosine residue upon ligand binding (Type II collagen) but the authentic facts or detail information of tyrosine phosphorylation

• Conventional assays rely on a comparable transformation of t

  2019-10-31

  

  Conventional assays rely on a comparable transformation of the target analytes and the structurally similar (but not identical) proxy substrates and are commonly used to measure individual enzyme activities in (pre-treated) intact sludge flocs (Burgess and Pletschke, 2008a, Gessesse et al., 2003, Yu

• br Discussion The N terminal domain

  2019-10-31

  

  Discussion The N-terminal domain of DDRs has long been recognized as a member of the DS superfamily (Johnson et al., 1993, Karn et al., 1993), and its role in collagen binding is understood in atomic detail (Carafoli et al., 2009, Ichikawa et al., 2007). Our crystal structure shows that the secon

• In the present study BACH downregulation did not correlate

  2019-10-31

  

  In the present study, BACH1 downregulation did not correlate with nuclear accumulation of NRF2, suggesting that these changes were triggered via an independent mechanism. BACH1 is a transcriptional repressor that is regulated by heme. Heme binding to the BACH1 C-terminal domain inhibits BACH1 DNA bi

• Immune Response and Immune Evasion Up to of the host

  2019-10-31

  

  Immune Response and Immune Evasion Up to 10% of the host U 46619 mg are infected with EBV during acute infectious mononucleosis. Most of these cells are effectively cleared by the immune system, but some downregulate viral gene expression and differentiate into safety in the resting memory B cell

• TRAF and TRAF were initially identified as tumor

  2019-10-31

  

  TRAF1 and TRAF2 were initially identified as tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNRF2)-associated components, TRAF4 was overexpressed in breast carcinoma cells, whereas TRAF3, TRAF5 and TRAF6 were discovered by their interaction with specific domains in the cytoplasmic tails of trans-membrane recepto

• br Phenotypic responses alkylation induced

  2019-10-31

  

  Phenotypic responses: alkylation-induced cell death and mutagenesis E. coli alkB mutants were isolated in a screen for strains specifically sensitive to the cytotoxicity of MMS but not UV-irradiation. This was the first indication that the AlkB protein is a primary cellular defence against alkyla

• Cyclin D inhibits the transcriptional activity of the transc

  2019-10-31

  

  Cyclin D1 inhibits the transcriptional activity of the transcription factors myogenin and MEF2 [39,40]. In addition, myogenin activates MEF2 expression, which feeds back to amplify the myogenin promoter [38]. In this study, DGKδ suppression, in addition to the increase of cyclin D1, inhibited myogen

• rotenone Moreover maintaining the pyrimidine pool is not

  2019-10-31

  

  Moreover, maintaining the pyrimidine pool is not the only important role played by DHODHs. In Toxoplasma gondii, for instance, DHODH plays a second essential function [38] possibly coupled to the mitochondrial respiratory activity, where it replenishes ubiquinol levels and prevents reactive oxygen s

• br NADH and NADPH Turnover and

  2019-10-31

  

  NADH and NADPH Turnover and the Putative Role of Alternative NAD(P)H Dehydrogenases Still very little is known about the metabolic function of external and internal alternative NADH:UQ oxidoreductases, and almost nothing is known about the mechanisms underlying their metabolic regulation, especia

• Testosterone is inactivated through hydroxylation and conjug

  2019-10-31

  

  Testosterone is inactivated through hydroxylation and conjugation pathways [3], [4]. 6β-Hydroxylation is the main pathway among testosterone hydroxylation processes in the liver microsome. Testosterone 6β-hydroxylation is mainly catalyzed by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) [5], [6], which is expressed in

• br Acknowledgements This work was supported by the European

  2019-10-31

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by the European Committee Fifth Framework Project QLK5-1999-01360. We are grateful to Dr. T.T. Hoang for the provision of plasmids pEX18Tc, pPS858 and pFLP2, Prof. B.L. Wanner for providing us with the plasmid pKD4 and related strains, and Prof. P. Soucail

• Mulan is one of three E ubiquitin ligases

  2019-10-30

  

  Mulan is one of three E3 ubiquitin ligases that are present in the mitochondria along with MARCH5/MITOL (membrane associated RING-CH5) and RNF185 [14], [15], [16], [17]. Mulan is a 352-residue polypeptide that crosses the mitochondrial outer membrane (OMM) twice, its amino-terminus, which includes t

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