• γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester br Viral manipulation of host

  2024-10-12

  

  Viral manipulation of host factors to oppose anti-viral autophagy To escape or manipulate autophagy, some viruses developed strategies that are based on the recruitment of host-cell endogenous factors. The non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus adenovirus is rapidly endocytosed after attachment.

• After infection with Salmonella those

  2024-10-12

  

  After infection with Salmonella those bacteria that are not targeted by autophagy of the complete Salmonella-containing phagosome (see above) but are living freely in the cytosol can be eliminated by xenophagy, that is direct targeting of the ‘naked’ bacteria to the autophagic pathway. The type III

• br Introduction Throughout early prophase I meiotic cells

  2024-10-12

  

  Introduction Throughout early prophase I, meiotic cells intentionally generate DSBs as part of a stringently controlled process to initiate homologous recombination (HR). HR is a critical DSB repair pathway that ultimately permits the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes

• br Author contributions br Conflicts of interest The authors

  2024-10-12

  

  Author contributions Conflicts of interest The authors declare no competing financial interests. Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Sonderforschungsbereich/Transregio 166–Project C1 and grant CA 1014/1-1 to D.C.) and the IZKF Würzbur

• Introduction Apoptosis signal regulating kinase ASK a family

  2024-10-12

  

  Introduction Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a family member of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) family, selectively activates the JNK and p38 MAP kinase pathways in response to various types of stresses, including oxidative stress, and subsequently indu

• A previous review article suggested different washout

  2024-10-12

  

  A previous review article suggested different washout intervals based on specific clinical contexts [4]. While no consensus was reached for the optimal interval between last dose of BV and surgery for CRLM, the authors of the review suggested waiting 6 to 8 weeks after BV before surgery, particularl

• Our research group has been involved by

  2024-10-11

  

  Our research group has been involved by many years in the synthesis of new 2,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones (e.g. 1, Fig. 1) and in the characterization of their mechanism of action.15, 16, 17 Within the development of these compounds, we demonstrated that an improvement of AMPAR antagonism by 2,3-benzodiaz

• br Conclusion These studies broadly demonstrate that dopamin

  2024-10-11

  

  Conclusion These studies broadly demonstrate that dopamine and endocannabinoid signaling in the NAc can have diverse effects on AMPAR-mediated synaptic function depending on previous psychostimulant experience. Here, we examined mechanisms underlying the depotentiation of AMPAR-mediated synaptic

• glucokinase Some of the mechanisms that involve

  2024-10-11

  

  Some of the mechanisms that involve 12-LOX as a potential pathogenic enzyme are illustrated in Fig. 2. Direct β cell effects associated with the stimulation of 12-LOX activity include the activation of second messengers c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 MAPK, both of which show increased phosphorylati

• In human epidermoid carcinoma A cells lipoxygenase was signi

  2024-10-11

  

  In human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells, 12-lipoxygenase was significantly increased in glutathione-depleted cells. The relative abundance of phospholipid hydroperoxide versus glutathione peroxidase seems to play an important role in controlling the lipoxygenase reaction [57]. It has been proposed

• The correlation in the increase of BADH mRNA protein levels

  2024-10-11

  

  The correlation in the increase of BADH mRNA, protein levels, and enzyme activity, demonstrate that oxidation of betaine aldehyde by BADH is primordial to regulate the GB accumulation during physiological cardiac hypertrophy induced by pregnancy, this implies a major role because GB levels enhance c

• In this study we demonstrated that DRR

  2024-10-11

  

  In this study, we demonstrated that DRR1 protein level in GBM tissues was significantly higher compared to normal Azidobutyric acid NHS ester tissues. This data suggested that DRR1 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of glioma. To investigate whether DRR1 could accurately predict the outcome in p

• DRB There are two ways to transport FFAs

  2024-10-11

  

  There are two ways to transport FFAs into cells. First by passive diffusion. Second as the putative long-chain fatty DRB transporters are proposed, CD36 the plasma membrane-associated fatty acid-binding protein (FABPpm) and fatty acid transport proteins (FATP) [11], where CD36 is responsible for up

• At present drugs that specifically inhibit

  2024-10-11

  

  At present, drugs that specifically inhibit YAP activity are not available. In fact, verteporfin, which was originally described as a specific inhibitor of YAP-TEAD interaction, has been recently shown to exert its activity through selective induction of proteotoxicity rather than through YAP inhibi

• br Materials and methods br Results To explore

  2024-10-11

  

  Materials and methods Results To explore the potential role of autophagy in drug resistance, we firstly performed immunohistochemistry to compare the GW3965 HCl of p62 in paired primary, metastatic, and recurrent tumor tissues from 26 ovarian cancer patients. The expression of p62 was reveale

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