• Although the gene that encodes DHFR has been

  2025-01-22

  

  Although the gene that encodes DHFR has been strongly conserved during evolution, subtle differences in the active sites of bacterial, human and parasite PU-H71 have been exploited to develop DHFR inhibitors specific to particular pathogens 1, 3. For example, pyrimethamine and cycloguanil bind stro

• Thiol are reduced by two major redox systems glutathione

  2025-01-22

  

  Thiol are reduced by two major redox systems, glutathione/glutaredoxin (GRX) and thioredoxin (TRX), which have been extensively studied in plants [13], [14], [15]. Glutathione, a thiol-containing tripeptide, exists in a reduced (GSH) or an oxidized form (GSSG). It has a major role as a redox buffer.

• AMPK is a cellular energy sensor

  2025-01-21

  

  AMPK is a cellular energy sensor that is phosphorylated in response to high intracellular ADP levels to increase GLUT4 translocation into the cell, and subsequently, increase intracellular glucose levels to provide substrate to replenish ATP levels [25]. In metabolic syndrome, sequestration of plasm

• The association of male gender

  2025-01-21

  

  The association of male gender with increased atherosclerosis has stimulated interest in the role of androgen signalling in this condition. Androgens act (Fig. 2) by direct activation of androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear receptor that acts as a ligand-regulated transcription factor (Gao et al., 2005

• The lactam emerged as lead candidate due to its

  2025-01-21

  

  The lactam (6) emerged as lead candidate due to its high selectivity, outstanding potency (against ALK or in clinically known ALK mutants), low in vitro clearance, and low efflux potential. The lactam (6) was selected for further profiling against the resistant ALK mutants. Preclinical rat pharmacok

• br AKT signaling is essential

  2025-01-21

  

  AKT signaling is essential during early dorsal patterning, neural crest induction and maturation AKT signaling modulates EMT and migration of the neural crest cells The defining feature of NC cells is their delamination from the dorsal neural epithelium. At the end of neurulation, mature premi

• A clear link between ADR stimulation and decreased

  2025-01-21

  

  A clear link between α2-ADR stimulation and decreased respiration in β-cells is established and consistent with proteomics data. Current discoveries in islets have identified physical interactions between ADR-coupled G proteins and cellular components such as insulin vesicles and ion channels (Zhao

• AMPK is a serine threonine protein kinase composed

  2025-01-21

  

  AMPK is a serine/threonine protein kinase composed of a catalytic α subunit with the activating phosphorylation site (Thr172) and two regulatory subunits, β and γ. The two AMPK variants, α1 and α2, show different cellular localization in mammalian cells. AMPKα2 is detected in nuclear and non-nuclear

• br Concluding Remarks The effects of

  2025-01-21

  

  Concluding Remarks The effects of point mutations of the four ARs on ligand binding affinities, functional potencies, and efficacies constitute a valuable source of pharmacological information. We analyzed the existing data and mapped it on the collection of available AR crystal structures, allow

• For the NSCLC patients with EGFR

  2025-01-21

  

  For the NSCLC patients with EGFR-activating mutations, EGFR-TKIs (gefitinib and erlotinib) are effective clinical therapies [21], [22]. However, approximately 10% of patients harboring EGFR-sensitizing mutations exhibit intrinsic resistance, and up to 40% do not attain a major response to treatment

• br APJ expression in metabolic diseases Under physiological

  2025-01-20

  

  APJ expression in metabolic diseases Under physiological conditions, APJ is present in humans as well as in mouse tissues with high metabolic activity such as muscle and adipose tissue but not in the liver. Moreover, the presence and regulation of APJ in established adipocyte or muscle cell lines

• The crucial role of AP in establishing and maintaining

  2025-01-20

  

  The crucial role of AP-1 in establishing and maintaining cell type-specific gene expression programs and cell identity is further apparent during reprogramming of mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) into iPSCs with either Oct4/Sox2/Klf4/cMyc (OSKM ) factors , or chemicals . Using ATAC-seq to profile ch

• Introduction According to Uganda s Ministry of

  2025-01-20

  

  Introduction According to Uganda's Ministry of Health (MOH 2012a:91), intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) to avoid malaria during pregnancy is a free preventive service available to all pregnant women without clinical signs and symptoms of malaria, attending prenatal clinics. However, pregnant

• To further evaluate the influence of antibiotics on allergy

  2025-01-20

  

  To further evaluate the influence of VER155008 on allergy, Russel et al. initiated vancomycin treatment during pregnancy in mice and continued it for several weeks after birth. This resulted in exaggerated OVA-induced allergic inflammation, characterized by higher numbers of lung eosinophils, elevat

• br Emerging Vascular Mechanisms of AA Therapy Resistance Exp

  2025-01-20

  

  Emerging Vascular Mechanisms of AA Therapy Resistance Experimental and clinical evidence indicates that physiological angiogenesis generates blood vessels capable of restoring perfusion [1], whereas tumoral angiogenesis gives rise to vessels that are structurally and functionally abnormal, therei

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