• Although further experiments are needed to determine definit

  2020-04-10

  

  Although further experiments are needed to determine definitively whether D–ETB receptor heterodimers exist, for example, by using fluorescence resonance HMPL-013 transfer analysis or co-immunoprecipitation of receptors, the results of the study by Zeng and colleagues appear to indicate that D–ETB

• br Conclusions br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowle

  2020-04-10

  

  Conclusions Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgments This research was funded by São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (ProcessN. 2012/08621-1). Thanks to F.J.H. Blázquez and the staff of the Laboratório de Anatomia Microscópica e Imuno Histoquímica (LAMIH − FMVZ − USP) for the permi

• br Conclusions br ISG is an ubiquitin like protein that

  2020-04-10

  

  Conclusions ISG15 is an ubiquitin‐like protein that is induced by treating mammalian BKT140 with interferon‐α/β. UbE1L was identified as the E1‐activating enzyme for ISG15 in the course of experiments that demonstrated that the nonstructural or NS1 protein of influenza B virus inhibits ISG15 co

• There are two types of DDRs

  2020-04-09

  

  There are two types of DDRs, DDR1 and DDR2, which are type I transmembrane RTKs characterized by an N-terminal extracellular discoidin domain containing a collagen binding site [8]. DDR1 expression is somewhat restricted to epithelial cells, while DDR2 is often expressed in cells of mesenchymal orig

• The folate pathway plays an essential role in cell

  2020-04-09

  

  The folate pathway plays an essential role in cell survival by generating 5, 10-methylene tetrahydrofolate as a one-carbon donor for the synthesis of deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), purines, methionine and histidine. Disruption of this pathway leads to the critical deficiency of these key molec

• Results from experiments in model systems have

  2020-04-09

  

  Results from experiments in model systems have suggested that the DPRs translated from the HRE of C9ORF72 are toxic and play a role in disease pathogenesis (reviewed in Taylor et al. (2016)). Although the DPRs are present in neurons and glia in various regions of the central nervous system (CNS) ear

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion The

  2020-04-09

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The investigation of oxysterols is highly complex and challenging, arising not only from the large number of molecules in this family, but also due to their low abundance in biological systems compared to cholesterol and their susceptibility for auto

• Introduction Neuropathic pain occurs in approximately one th

  2020-04-09

  

  Introduction Neuropathic pain occurs in approximately one-third of patients with diabetes and is refractory to currently available analgesic drugs (Abbott et al., 2011). This painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is associated with elevated levels of methylglyoxal (MG; a reactive glucose metabolite) an

• br Enzyme activations Activated proteinases can unleash a de

  2020-04-09

  

  Enzyme activations Activated proteinases can unleash a deluge of tissue damage (Zucker et al., 2009). Once activated, the essential enzymes such as serine proteases and cysteine proteases cannot discriminate between self and non-self, burning away self-tissues (Chien et al., 2009, Laskar et al.,

• PKA signalling in the nucleus was thought to be

  2020-04-09

  

  PKA signalling in the nucleus was thought to be due to the translocation of the catalytic subunit upon activation from the EIPA synthesis to the nucleus via diffusion [72]. However, a new understanding has emerged, as both the regulatory and catalytic subunits have been identified in the nucleus an

• DGK negatively regulated the extension of long axon neurite

  2020-04-09

  

  DGKδ negatively regulated the extension of long axon/neurite (Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6). The results strongly suggest that deficiency of DGKδ induces OCD-like behavior by enhancing axon/neurite outgrowth. DGKδ positively regulates growth factor signaling (Crotty et al., 2006). Therefore, DGKδ deficien

• In this context we initiated a program to develop

  2020-04-09

  

  In this context, we initiated a program to develop new antiviral chemotypes towards a host factor implicated in TAK-632 replication: the host (human) dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) [21]. We recently identified this enzyme as the molecular target of 1-aryl-4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydrotriazines, structura

• Eukaryotic cell cycle machinery is thought to appropriately

  2020-04-09

  

  Eukaryotic cell cycle machinery is thought to appropriately modulate cell proliferation and cell expansion in various developmental stages and environmental conditions. The core feature of cell-cycle control is the fluctuation of CDK activity, which is regulated by three interactive and conserved me

• We thank Dr Hongqiang Qin at Dalian Institute of Chemical

  2020-04-08

  

  We thank Dr. Hongqiang Qin at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences for technical assistance in mass-spectrometric analysis. We thank Prof. Quentin Liu at Dalian Medical University and Prof. Qiang Shen at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center for helpful discussion and comments. Dr

• In the present study we investigated the role played by

  2020-04-08

  

  In the present study, we investigated the role played by CRF1 and CRF2 receptors located within the mouse PAG on the anxiogenic and antinociceptive effects produced by local infusion of CRF. To block CRF receptors, we used the selective CRF1 and CRF2 prexasertib antagonists, respectively, NBI 27914

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