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br Main Text Metabolism drives diverse biological processes
2021-10-21
Main Text Metabolism drives diverse biological processes including differentiation, proliferation, and effector function in diverse cell types. In particular, the process of mounting an innate immune response to pathogens entails rapid sensing of a wide range of patterns displayed by invading mic
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Introduction As a compound class
2021-10-21
Introduction As a compound class, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) have been remarkably successful in the treatment of T-cell lymphoma [1]. Vorinostat (suberanilohydroxamic Z-IETD-FMK sale or SAHA) was approved by the FDA in 2006 for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma [2], [3]; romidep
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The selection of mutations in vivo
2021-10-21
The selection of mutations in vivo with antivirals is a complex process involving, among other things, the frequency of a given mutation prior to treatment, the effect of that mutation on viral protein function, and the interplay of a given mutation pattern with host immune mechanisms. Investigation
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Like other RNA viruses HCV also exhibits a high degree
2021-10-21
Like other RNA viruses HCV also exhibits a high degree of genetic diversity, creating a major challenge for the development of both HCV vaccines and pan-genotypic therapeutics (Timm and Roggendorf, 2007). The virus has a total of seven genotypes, with >50 subtypes and millions of quasispecies (Cuype
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The SLC A mutations identified in
2021-10-21
The SLC45A1 mutations identified in both families appear to be hypomorphic given that they resulted in a reduction but not abolition of intracellular glucose transport by SLC45A1 in our in vitro assay. It is tempting to speculate that recessive mutations causing a more severe dysfunction of the tran
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br Clinical trials testing GLP mimetics
2021-10-21
Clinical trials testing GLP-1 mimetics in AD or PD patients GIP analogues show good neuroprotective effects in animal models of AD and PD Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a 42-amino Beauvericin incretin growth factor which activates pancreatic islets to enhance insulin sec
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br Activators Many compounds are
2021-10-21
Activators Many compounds are known to influence the activity of Ca2+-activated K+ channels, and since hIK1 was cloned more insight has been gained on compounds that have the capacity to increase channel activity. Activation by divalent metal cations has been investigated, with Ca2+, Pb2+, Cd2+,
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br Presenilins in protein trafficking proteolysis and degrad
2021-10-21
Presenilins in protein trafficking, proteolysis and degradation An obvious explanation for the role of presenilins and γ-secretase in protein trafficking and degradation is that many reported γ-secretase substrates are functionally involved in protein transport. For example, members of the mammal
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Ranolazine Several recent studies have linked clock function
2021-10-21
Several recent studies have linked clock function with the cell cycle and reported that clock components, such as PER1, PER2, BMAL1, and CRY1/2 decrease cell proliferation or improve the action of anti-cancer drugs in different cancer cell lines. Moreover, certain types of human cancer show an alter
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Early
2021-10-21
Materials and methods Results Discussion Early studies in the mid 1980s tentatively identified cCMP in tissues using fast atom bombardment MS [3], [4], but specificity and sensitivity of the method are insufficient for unequivocal identification as compared to modern MS analytical methods.
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In this study we demonstrated that while Cu I
2021-10-20
In this study, we demonstrated that while Cu(I) does not affect LPS induced iNOS NAD+ it inhibits NO release from microglia. Cu(I)-induced GSNOR inhibition and GSNO depletion is more in line with alternative (non-inflammatory) polarization. These results extend our previous findings that Cu(I) elici
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Fpr appears to be an indispensable component of the signalin
2021-10-20
Fpr2 appears to be an indispensable component of the signaling chain governing dendritic cell trafficking in allergic airway inflammation (Chen et al., 2010). The FPR3 agonist FL2 is chemoattractant for dendritic cells, but its biological role in vivo is yet to be defined. Within the inflammatory s
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Recent research has focused on identifying key
2021-10-20
Recent research has focused on identifying key agonists and receptors mediating nutrient-induced GLP-1 and insulin secretion. The long-chain fatty Oxytocin synthesis receptor GPR40 is the most abundant GPCR expressed in islet β cells and is also expressed on intestinal L-cells, where it contributes
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In various models histamine has been
2021-10-20
In various models, histamine has been shown to induce chemotaxis. This was first appreciated over 40 years’ ago in studies with eosinophils (Clark et al., 1977). At that time, only histamine H1 and histamine H2 receptors were recognized and studies with ligands to these receptors indicated that neit
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In mammalian cells Motins have been identified as
2021-10-20
In mammalian cells, Motins have been identified as a key link between F-actin and Hippo pathway regulation, as knockdown of all three Motins increased Yap activity even in the presence of cytoskeletal disruption [105]. Motins can physically associate with F-actin but this association is blocked by p
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